Anti-AKT2 (phospho-S474) Antibody

Primary Antibodies

55769 MW

WB: 1:500-1:1000
IHC: 1:50-1:200

RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase

Rabbit IgG, 1mg/ml in PBS with 0.02% sodium azide, 50% glycerol, pH7.2

1 mg/ml

AKT2 is one of 3 closely related serine/threonine-
protein kinases (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3) called the AKT kinase, and
which regulate many processes including metabolism, proliferation,
cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. This is mediated through
serine and/or threonine phosphorylation of a range of downstream
substrates. Over 100 substrate candidates have been reported so
far, but for most of them, no isoform specificity has been
reported. AKT is responsible of the regulation of glucose uptake
by mediating insulin-induced translocation of the SLC2A4/GLUT4
glucose transporter to the cell surface. Phosphorylation of PTPN1
at 'Ser-50' negatively modulates its phosphatase activity
preventing dephosphorylation of the insulin receptor and the
attenuation of insulin signaling. Phosphorylation of TBC1D4
triggers the binding of this effector to inhibitory 14-3-3
proteins, which is required for insulin-stimulated glucose
transport. AKT regulates also the storage of glucose in the form
of glycogen by phosphorylating GSK3A at 'Ser-21' and GSK3B at
'Ser-9', resulting in inhibition of its kinase activity.
Phosphorylation of GSK3 isoforms by AKT is also thought to be one
mechanism by which cell proliferation is driven. AKT regulates
also cell survival via the phosphorylation of MAP3K5 (apoptosis
signal-related kinase). Phosphorylation of 'Ser-83' decreases
MAP3K5 kinase activity stimulated by oxidative stress and thereby
prevents apoptosis. AKT mediates insulin-stimulated protein
synthesis by phosphorylating TSC2 at 'Ser-939' and 'Thr-1462',
thereby activating mTORC1 signaling and leading to both
phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and in activation of RPS6KB1. AKT is
involved in the phosphorylation of members of the FOXO factors
(Forkhead family of transcription factors), leading to binding of
14-3-3 proteins and cytoplasmic localization. In particular, FOXO1
is phosphorylated at 'Thr-24', 'Ser-256' and 'Ser-319'. FOXO3 and
FOXO4 are phosphorylated on equivalent sites. AKT has an important
role in the regulation of NF-kappa-B-dependent gene transcription
and positively regulates the activity of CREB1 (cyclic AMP (cAMP)-
response element binding protein). The phosphorylation of CREB1
induces the binding of accessory proteins that are necessary for
the transcription of pro-survival genes such as BCL2 and MCL1. AKT
phosphorylates 'Ser-454' on ATP citrate lyase (ACLY), thereby
potentially regulating ACLY activity and fatty acid synthesis.
Activates the 3B isoform of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase
(PDE3B) via phosphorylation of 'Ser-273', resulting in reduced
cyclic AMP levels and inhibition of lipolysis. Phosphorylates
PIKFYVE on 'Ser-318', which results in increased PI (3)P-5
activity. The Rho GTPase-activating protein DLC1 is another
substrate and its phosphorylation is implicated in the regulation
cell proliferation and cell growth. AKT plays a role as key
modulator of the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway controlling the tempo
of the process of newborn neurons integration during adult
neurogenesis, including correct neuron positioning, dendritic
development and synapse formation. Signals downstream of
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI (3)K) to mediate the effects of
various growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor
(PDGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin and insulin-like
growth factor I (IGF-I). AKT mediates the antiapoptotic effects of
IGF-I. Essential for the SPATA13-mediated regulation of cell
migration and adhesion assembly and disassembly. May be involved
in the regulation of the placental development.

Boster Bio Anti-AKT2 (phospho-S474) Antibody catalog # A00725S474. Tested in WB, IHC applications. This antibody reacts with Human, Mouse, Rat.