Sulfanilamide

63-74-1

C6H8N2O2S

DMSO : >= 30 mg/mL (174.22 mM)

Anti-infection

Sulfanilamide is a competitive inhibitor for bacterial enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase with IC50 of 320 uM. Target: dihydropteroate synthetase; Antibacterial Sulfanilamide containing the sulfonamide functional group displays inhibitory activity for dihydropteroate synthetase partially purified from Escherichia coli which normally uses para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) for synthesizing the necessary folic acid acting as a coenzyme in the synthesis of purine, pyrimidine and other amino acids, exhibiting an IC 50 of 320 uM for dihydropteroate synthetasea and Km of 2.5 uM for PABA [1]. Sulfanilamide shows IC50 of 286.8 ug/mL for recombinant S. cerevisiae strains with wild-type FOL1 genes, but the single mutation 55Trp to 55Ala or 57Pro to 57Ser within the putative active site of the fungal DHPS confers resistance to Sulfanilamide with IC50 of >800 ug/mL [2]. Administration of Sulfanilamide with the dosage of 100 mg/kg/day is effective in the prevention of P. carinii infection in the immunosuppressed rat model. When the dosage of sulfaguanidine and Sulfanilamide reduced to 10 mg/kg/day, breakthrough P. carinii infection occurs in the rats [3].