Background |
PDGFs are disulfide-linked dimers consisting of two 12.0-13.5 kDa polypeptide chains, designated PDGF-A and PDGF-B chains. The three naturally occurring PDGFs; PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB and PDGF-AB, are potent mitogens for a variety of cell types including smooth muscle cells, connective tissue cells, bone and cartilage cells, and some blood cells. The PDGFs are stored in platelet α -granules and are released upon platelet activation. The PDGFs are involved in a number of biological processes, including hyperplasia, chemotaxis, embryonic neuron development, and respiratory tubule epithelial cell development. Two distinct signaling receptors used by PDGFs have been identified and named PDGFR-α and PDGFR-B. PDGFR-a is high-affinity receptor for each of the three PDGF forms. On the other hand, PDGFR-B interacts with only PDGF-BB and PDGF-AB. Recombinant human PDGF-AB is a 26.4 kDa disulfide-linked dimer, consisting of one A chain and one B chains (234 total amino acids). |