C-C chemokine receptor type 4

GWB-4E4B23

High affinity receptor for the C-C type chemokines CCL17/TARC and CCL22/MDC. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G(i) proteins which activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Can function as a chemoattractant homing receptor on circulating memory lymphocytes and as a coreceptor for some primary HIV-2 isolates. In the CNS could mediate hippocampal-neuron survival.

Predominantly expressed in the thymus in peripheral blood leukocytes including T-cells mostly CD4+ cells and basophils and in platelets; at lower levels in the spleen and in monocytes. Detected also in macrophages IL-2-activated natural killer cells and skin-homing memory T-cells mostly the ones expressing the cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA). Expressed in brain microvascular and coronary artery endothelial cells.

Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family [view classification]. Summary: The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the G-protein-coupled receptor family . It is a receptor for the CC chemokine - MIP-1 RANTES TARC and MCP-1. Chemokines are a group of small polypeptide structurally related molecules that regulate cell trafficking of various types of leukocytes. The chemokines also play fundamental roles in the development homeostasis and function of the immune system and they have effects on cells of the central nervous system as well as on endothelial cells involved in angiogenesis or angiostasis. [1] Wenzel J. Henze S. Worenkamper E. Basner-Tschakarjan E. Sokolowska-Wojdylo M. Steitz J. Bieber T. and Tuting T. Role of the chemokine receptor CCR4 and its ligand thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine/CCL17 for lymphocyte recruitment in cutaneous lupus erythematosus[2] Yoshie O. et al. Expression of CCR4 in adult T-cell leukemia[3] Ishida T. Iida S. Akatsuka Y. Ishii T. Miyazaki M. Komatsu H. Inagaki H. Okada N. Fujita T. Shitara K. Akinaga S. et al. The CC chemokine receptor 4 as a novel specific molecular target for immunotherapy in adult T-Cell leukemia/lymphoma[4] Ishida T. Inagaki H. Utsunomiya A. Takatsuka Y. Komatsu H. Iida S. Takeuchi G. Eimoto T. Nakamura S. and Ueda R. CXC chemokine receptor 3 and CC chemokine receptor 4 expression in T-cell and NK-cell lymphomas with special reference to clinicopathological significance for peripheral T-cell lymphoma unspecified[5] Cronshaw D. G. Owen C. Brown Z. and Ward S. G. et al. Activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinases by the CCR4 ligand macrophage-derived chemokine is a dispensable signal for T lymphocyte chemotaxis[6] Power C. A. Meyer A. Nemeth K. Bacon K. B. Hoogewerf A. J. Proudfoot A. E. I. Wells T. N. C. Molecular cloning and functional expression of a novel CC chemokine receptor cDNA from a human basophilic cell line. [7] Kato H. Tsuchiya N. Izumi S. Miyamasu M. Nakajima T. Kawasaki H. Hirai K. Tokunaga K. New variations of human CC-chemokine receptors CCR3 and CCR4. [8] Kopatz S. A. Aronstam R. S. Sharma S. V. cDNA clones of human proteins involved in signal transduction sequenced by the Guthrie cDNA resource center (www. cdna. org). [9] Strausberg R. L. Feingold E. A. Grouse L. H. Derge J. G. Klausner R. D. Collins F. S. Wagner L. Shenmen C. M. Schuler G. D. Altschul S. F. et al. Generation and initial analysis of more than 15 000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. [10] Imai T. Baba M. Nishimura M. Kakizaki M. Takagi S. Yoshie O. The T cell-directed CC chemokine TARC is a highly specific biological ligand for CC chemokine receptor 4.