TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR 1 (TLR1. CD281)

GD2. F4

Participates in the innate immune response to microbial agents. Cooperates with TLR2 and modulates the response to microbial constituents. Acts via MyD88 and TRAF6 leading to NF-kappa-B activation cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response (By similarity).

Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein (By similarity). Cytoplasmic vesicle phagosome membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein (By similarity).

Belongs to the Toll-like receptor family.

Contains 1 TIR domain. Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This protein is ubiquitously expressed and at higher levels than other TLR genes. Different length transcripts presumably resulting from use of alternative polyadenylation site and/or from alternative splicing have been noted for this gene. [1] Omueti K. O. Mazur D. J. Thompson K. S. Lyle E. A. and Tapping R. I. et al. The polymorphism P315L of human toll-like receptor 1 impairs innate immune sensing of microbial cell wall components[2] Mizoguchi E. Orihara K. Hamasaki S. Ishida S. Kataoka T. Ogawa M. Saihara K. Okui H. Fukudome T. Shinsato T. et al. Association between Toll-like receptors and the extent and severity of coronary artery disease in patients with stable angina[3] van Duin D. Mohanty S. Thomas V. Ginter S. Montgomery R. R. Fikrig E. Allore H. G. Medzhitov R. and Shaw A. C. Age-associated defect in human TLR-1/2 function[4] Triantafilou M. Gamper F. G. Haston R. M. Mouratis M. A. Morath S. Hartung T. and Triantafilou K. Membrane sorting of toll-like receptor (TLR)-2/6 and TLR2/1 heterodimers at the cell surface determines heterotypic associations with CD36 and intracellular targeting[5] Gautam J. K. Ashish Comeau L. D. Krueger J. K. and Smith M. F. Jr. et al. Structural and functional evidence for the role of the TLR2 DD loop in TLR1/TLR2 heterodimerization and signaling[6] Rock F. L. Hardiman G. Timans J. C. Kastelein R. A. Bazan J. F. A family of human receptors structurally related to Drosophila Toll. [7] Nomura N. Miyajima N. Sazuka T. Tanaka A. Kawarabayasi Y. Sato S. Nagase T. Seki N. Ishikawa K. Tabata S. et al. Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. I. The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0001-KIAA0040) deduced by analysis of randomly sampled cDNA clones from human immature myeloid cell line KG-1. [8] Wiemann S. Weil B. Wellenreuther R. Gassenhuber J. Glassl S. Ansorge W. Boecher M. Bloecker H. Bauersachs S. Blum H. et al. Towards a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs. [9] Zhang Z. Henzel W. J. Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites. [10] Xu Y. Tao X. Shen B. Horng T. Medzhitov R. Manley J. L. Tong L. Structural basis for signal transduction by the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domains.