Regorafenib

2 years -80 in solvent

Orally

GIST 882 and TT cells

5 nM-10 uM

PEG400/125 mM aqueous methanesulfonic acid (80/20) or polypropylene glycol/PEG400/Pluronic F68 (42.5/42.5/15 + 20% Aqua)

Regorafenib strongly prevents VEGFR2 autophosphorylation in NIH-3T3/VEGFR2 cells with IC50 of 3 nM. In HAoSMCs, regorafenib suppress PDGFR-beta autophosphorylation after stimulation with PDGF-BB, with an IC50 of 90 nM. Regorafenib also inhibits FGFR signaling in MCF-7 breast cancer (BC) cells stimulated with FGF10. Regorafenib very potently inhibited the mutant receptors KITK642E and RETC634W, with IC50 of approximately 20 nM and 10 nM, respectively. Regorafenib inhibits the proliferation of VEGF165-stimulated HUVECs, with an IC50 of approximately 3 nM. Regorafenib prevents the proliferation of FGF2-stimulated HUVECs and of PDGF-BB-stimulated HAoSMCs with IC50 of 127 nM and 146 nM, respectively. [1] Regorafenib targets both tumor cell proliferation and tumor vasculature through inhibition of receptors of tyrosine kinases (VEGFR, KIT, RET, FGFR, and PDGFR) and serine/threonine kinases (Raf and p38MAPK). [2] Regorafenib suppresses growth of human Hep3B, PLC/PRF/5 and HepG2 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. [3]

96 hours

For proliferation assays, GIST 882 and TT cells are grown in RPMI medium containing L-glutamine, and MDA-MB-231, HepG2 and A375 cells in DMEM always containing 10% hiFBS. Cells are trypsinized, plated at 5x104 cells/well in 96-well plates in complete media containing 10% FBS and grown overnight at 37 C. The next day, vehicle or Regorafenib serially diluted in complete growth media to between 10 uM and 5 nM final concentrations, and 0.2% DMSO, is added and incubation is continued for 96 hours. Cell proliferation is quantified.

Regorafenib is a multi-target inhibitor for VEGFR1,  VEGFR2,  VEGFR3,  PDGFRβ,  Kit (c-Kit),  RET (c-RET) and Raf-1 with IC50 of 13 nM/4.2 nM/46 nM, 22 nM, 7 nM, 1.5 nM and 2.5 nM in cell-free assays, respectively. Regorafenib induces autophagy.