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Tolbutamide (HLS 831)

Tolbutamide (HLS 831)

Item no.	S2443-200
Manufacturer	Selleckchem
CASRN	64-77-7
Amount	200 mg
Quantity options	1 g 200 mg 50 mg
Category	Oncology Metabolism Diabetes Cholesterol & Lipid Metabolism Regulation of Appetite Inhibitors & Compound Libraries Small Molecules By Organ Lung Cancer
Type	Inhibitors
Specific against	other
Smiles	CCCCNC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C
ECLASS 10.1	32160490
ECLASS 11.0	32160490
UNSPSC	12000000
Alias	cAMP,Potassium Channel
Similar products	Tolbutamide
Available
Storage Conditions	2 years -80 in solvent
Molecular Weight	270, 35
Administration	Tolbutamide is administered orally for 7 days.
Animal Models	Male albino Wistar rats (200-300 g)
Cell lines	C6 glioma cells
Clinical Trials	Tolbutamide is now under the Phase I clinical trial for the drug-drug interaction in chronic hepatitis c infected patients.
Concentrations	400 uM
Dosages	450 mg/kg
Formulation	Tolbutamide is given as powder and mixed with food.
IC50	4 mM [1], 4 mM [1], 4 mM [1], 4 mM [1], 4 mM [1], 4 mM [1]
In vitro	Tolbutamide belongs to a class of medications called sulfonylureas. Tolbutamide lowers blood sugar by causing the pancreas to produce insulin (a natural substance that is needed to break down sugar in the body) and helping the body use insulin efficiently. This medication will only help lower blood sugar in people whose bodies produce insulin naturally. Tolbutamide is not used to treat type 1 diabetes (condition in which the body does not produce insulin and, therefore, cannot control the amount of sugar in the blood) or diabetic ketoacidosis (a serious condition that may occur if high blood sugar is not treated). Tolbutamide inhibits both the basal and the cyclic AMP-stimulated protein kinase activities and the IC50 of Tolbutamide is 4 mM. Similar Tolbutamide concentrations are required for half maximal inhibition of in vitro lipolysis induced by hormones (norepinephrine and ACTH) or by dibutyryl cyclic AMP plus theophylline. Tolbutamide also inhibits both soluble and membrane-bound protein kinase from canine heart. The Tolbutamide inhibition of adipose tissue cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase is one possible explanation for the antilipolytic effects of this drug. [1], Tolbutamide inhibits C6-glioma cell proliferation by increasing Cx43, which correlates with a reduction in pRb phosphorylation due to the up-regulation of the Cdk inhibitors p21 and p27. [2], Cytosolic nucelotides enhance the Tolbutamide sensitivity of the ATP-dependent K+ channel in mouse pancreatic B cells by their combined actions at inhibitory and stimulatory receptors. [3] Tolbutamide inhibits glucagon-induced phosphorylation of the bifunctional enzyme protein in a dose-dependent manner. By adding 2 mM Tolbutamide, reduces activity of 6PF-2-K and increased activity of Fru-2, 6-P2ase in the presence of 10(-9) M glucagon are partially restored. The present results suggest the possibility that Tolbutamide modulates the activity of hepatic 6PF-2-K/Fru-2, 6-P2ase through inhibiting a phosphorylation of the enzyme protein. [4]
In vivo	450 mg Tolbutamide/kg/day given for 7 days significantly increases the binding of insulin to isolated adipocytes. The binding curves reflect an increase in the number of receptor sites rather than in the affinity. The effect is associated with an enhanced response to insulin of the adipose tissue, since the fat cells obtained from animals treated with Tolbutamide convert significantly more glucose to lipids in the presence of insulin than those obtained from the control group. However, the augmentation of insulin binding sites is observed only at a large tolbutamide dosage, which reduces the pancreatic insulin content, the secretory response of the isolated pancreas, and the serum insulin levels. Smaller doses, sufficient to produce metabolic effects via a stimulation of insulin secretion, do not provide additional insulin binding sites. [5]
Incubation Time	24 hours
Kinase Assay	cAMP kinase assay, Diced epididymal fat pads from fed Wistar rats (175-225 gm) are obtained after decapitation and incubated at 37 C for two hours in Krebs-bicarbonate buffer containing 1.27 mM CaCl2. When added, Tolbutamide is present only during the incubation. After incubation fat pads are rinsed and sonicated in cold Krebs-bicarbonate buffer. The aqueous supematants from centrifugation at 50, 000, g for 30 minutes at 4 C contained 0.75 to 1.25 mg protein per mL and are assayed for cyclic AMP-stimulated protein kinase activity. The assay is performed in 0.2 mL with these additions, 10 umoles sodium glycerofiosphate pH 7.0, 2 umoles sodium fluoride, 0.4 umoles theophylline, 0.1 umoles ethylene glyool bis (beta-aminoethyl ether)-N, N'-tetraaoetic acid, 3 umoles magnesium chloride, 0.3 mg mixed histone, 2 nmoles (gamma- 32P) ATP, 1 nmoles cyclic AMP when indicated, and 0.05 ml of supernatant.
Method	C6 glioma cells are incubated in serum-free DMEM at 37 C for at least 24 hours before each experiment. Tolbutamide (400 uM) is incubated for 24 hours in serum-free medium. Incubations are performed at 37 C in an atmosphere of 95% air/5% CO2 with 90â€“95% humidity.
Information	Tolbutamide (HLS 831) is an inhibitor of potassium channel, used for type II diabetes.
Chemical Name	1-butyl-3-tosylurea

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