PD98059

167869-21-8

C16H13NO3

DMSO : 16 mg/mL (59.86 mM; Need ultrasonic and warming); H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)

Autophagy; MAPK/ERK Pathway

PD98059 is a potent, selective and cell-permeable MEK1 and MEK2 inhibitor with IC₅₀s of 4 uM and 50 uM respectively. IC50 & Target: IC50: 5 uM (MEK)^[1] In Vitro: Concentrations of PD98059 of <=20 uM are not cytotoxic to cultured MCF10A, MCF10A-Neo, and MCF10A-NeoT cells. However, PD98059 is weakly cytostatic to all three lines at concentrations of >=10 uM. Treatment of MCF10A-Neo and MCF10A-NeoT cultures with concentrations of PD98059 up to 20 uM for 2-22 hr does not alter the total ERK content. However, treatment with PD98059 does result in concentration-dependent reductions in the dually phosphorylated forms of ERK1 and ERK2. Within 2 hr of a 10-uM treatment, phosphorylated ERK contents are reduced ca.74% and ca.86% in MCF10A-Neo and MCF10A-NeoT cultures, respectively (IC₅₀=1 uM). Within 22 hr of treatment, phosphorylated ERK forms are almost completely eliminated in both cell lines^[1]. PD98059 (PD 098059) prevents the activation of MAPKK1 by Raf or MEK kinase in vitro at concentrations (IC₅₀=2-7 uM). PD98059 inhibits both the activation and phosphorylation of MAPKK1 in vitro by either c-Raf or MEK kinase with IC₅₀ values of 4+/-2 uM. Incubation of Swiss 3T3 cells with PD98059 (50 uM) suppressed by 80-90% the activation of MAPKK induced by each agonist, but the activation of c-Raf is enhanced 2-3-fold^[2]. In Vivo: The treatment of mice with PD98059 significantly reduces the level of p-ERK1/2. Moreover, a significant increase in the phospho-p38 expression is observed in Zymosan-treated mice at 18 h after Zymosan administration compared to the sham-operated mice. The treatment with PD98059 significantly reduces the p38 expression^[3]. Repeated treatment with PD98059 attenuates mechanical allodynia measured by the von Frey test three (18.0 g+/-0.8, n=10) and seven (20.21 g+/-0.67, n=26) days after CCI in comparison to the vehicle-treated CCI-exposed rats (15.1 g+/-1.3, n=7 and 14.21 g+/-0.44, n=28, respectively). Repeated injection of PD98059 diminishes thermal hyperalgesia, as is evaluated by the cold plate test, three (17.5 s+/-2.1, n=10) and seven (25.54 s+/-1.03, n=26) days following CCI compared to vehicle-treated CCI-exposed rats (11.5 s+/-1.8, n=7 and 11.4 s+/-0.88, n=28, respectively)^[4].