Anti-Angiotensin II Receptor Type-1 (ext.)-FITC

Antibodies

Antibodies

Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC).

Shipped at room temperature. Product as supplied can be stored intact at room temperature for several weeks. For longer periods, it should be stored at -20°C

Lyophilized powder

AT1 Receptor, AT1R, AGTR1 - A Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody to Angiotensin II Receptor Type-1 Conjugated to the Fluorescent Dye FITC

Mouse, rat, rabbit, dog - identical

Confirmed by amino acid analysis and mass spectrometry

1 mg/ml

Extracellular, N-terminus

Human

41116161

The biological functions of angiotensin II are mediated by AT1 and AT2 receptors. Both belong to the G-protein coupled receptor superfamily and are comprised of seven hydrophobic transmembrane segments forming α helices in the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane, an extracellular N-terminus and an intracellular N-terminus1.Two highly homologous isoforms of the receptor, AT1A and AT1B have been identified in rodents. The AT1A receptor accounts for 90% of the total binding, and is predominant in the kidney, vascular smooth muscle cells, heart, liver, and in some areas of the brain, while the AT1B receptor is found predominantly in the pituitary and adrenal glands, placenta, lung, and brain. These isoforms are pharmacologically indistinguishable and are both selectively antagonized by losartan.Through AT1 receptor, angiotensin II stimulates multiple signaling pathways, cross-talks with several tyrosine kinases, and trans-activates growth factor receptors. Phosphorylation of the receptor by GPCR kinases terminates receptor activation and promotes β-arrestin recruitment. β-arrestin-scaffolded signaling mediates 'secondary signaling' that involves multiple kinases that link to cell protective downstream signaling molecules2.In a model of diet-induced obese mice, AT1 receptor inhibition demonstrates beneficial pleiotropic effects. Mice receiving the treatment exhibit enhanced pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1) and GLP-1 pancreatic islet expression. PDX1 islets are essential for the expression of glucokinase and GLUT2. Greater GLP-1 levels, islet vascularization and reduced apoptosis and macrophage infiltration are also observed3.