Urolithin A

1143-70-0

C13H8O4

DMSO : >= 33 mg/mL (144.61 mM); H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)

Autophagy; Metabolic Enzyme/Protease; Metabolic Enzyme/Protease; NF-kappaB; Immunology/Inflammation

Urolithin A is an intestinal metabolite of ellagic acid with antioxidant and antiproliferative effects; inhibits T24 and Caco-2 cell growth with IC₅₀ values of 43.9 and 49 uM, respectively. IC50 & Target: IC50: 43.9 uM (T24 cell)^[1], 49 uM (Caco-2cell)^[2] In Vitro: Urolithins could mainly inhibit prostate cancer and colon cancer cell growth. Urolithin A increases mRNA and protein expression of Phospho-p38 MAPK, and decreases mRNA and protein expression of MEKK1 and Phospho-c-Jun in T24 cells. Caspase-3 is also activated and PPAR-gamma protein expression increased in drug-induced apoptosis^[1]. Urolithin A exerts a dose- and time-dependent significant arrest at G2/M and S phases after treatments with 50 and 100 uM at 24 and 48 h compared to control cells. It induces cell apoptosis with 50 and 100 uM ^[2]. Urolithin A shows potent antiproliferative activity on HepG2 cells. When cell death is induced by Urolithin A, the expression of beta-catenin, c-Myc and Cyclin D1 are decreased and TCF/LEF transcriptional activation is notably down-regulated. Urolithin A also increases protein expression of p53, p38-MAPK and caspase-3, but suppresses expression of NF-kappaB p65 and other inflammatory mediators^[3]. In Vivo: The volume of paw edema is reduced at 1 h after oral administration of urolithin A. In addition, plasma in treated mice exhibited significant oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC) scores with high plasma levels of the unconjugated form at 1 h after oral administration of urolithin A^[4].